Python Tutorial: From Basics to Advanced Concepts

Last Updated: Sept. 25, 2023

This guide offers a thorough exploration of the Python programming language. Starting with foundational concepts, readers will delve into Python's robust data structures, understand the integration of third-party libraries, and grasp the principles of Object-Oriented Programming. The guide sheds light on advanced techniques, package management with PIP, and offers practical code snippets and examples. Furthermore, it provides a comparative view of Python against other programming languages and shares insights on troubleshooting Python code.

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Python Tutorial: From Basics to Advanced Concepts

Basics & Concepts

String Comparison in Python: Best Practices and Techniques

Efficiently compare strings in Python with best practices and techniques. Explore multiple ways to compare strings, advanced string comparison methods, and how Python compares strings internally. Lea… read more

How To Limit Floats To Two Decimal Points In Python

Formatting floats to two decimal points in Python can be easily achieved using the format() function or the round() function. This article explores these two methods and discusses why you may want to… read more

How To Rename A File With Python

Renaming files with Python is a simple task that can be accomplished using either the os or shutil module. This article provides a guide on how to rename files using Python, exploring the two differe… read more

How To Check If List Is Empty In Python

Determining if a list is empty in Python can be achieved using simple code examples. Two common methods are using the len() function and the not operator. This article explores these methods, discuss… read more

How To Check If a File Exists In Python

Checking if a file exists in Python is a common task for many developers. This article provides simple code snippets and explanations on how to check file existence using the `os.path.exists()` and `… read more

How to Use Inline If Statements for Print in Python

A simple guide to using inline if statements for print in Python. Learn how to use multiple inline if statements, incorporate them with string formatting, and follow best practices for coding. read more

How to Use Stripchar on a String in Python

Learn how to use the stripchar function in Python to manipulate strings. This article covers various methods such as strip(), replace(), and regular expressions. Gain insights into additional conside… read more

How To Delete A File Or Folder In Python

Deleting files or folders using Python is a common task in software development. In this article, we will guide you through the process step-by-step, using simple examples. We will explore two differ… read more

How To Move A File In Python

Learn how to move a file in Python with this simple guide. Python move file tutorial for beginners. This article discusses why the question of moving files in Python is asked, possible solutions, bes… read more

How to Implement a Python Foreach Equivalent

Python is a powerful programming language widely used for its simplicity and readability. However, if you're coming from a language that has a foreach loop, you might wonder how to achieve the same f… read more

How to Use Slicing in Python And Extract a Portion of a List

Slicing operations in Python allow you to manipulate data efficiently. This article provides a simple guide on using slicing, covering the syntax, positive and negative indices, modifying sequences, … read more

How to Check a Variable's Type in Python

Determining the type of a variable in Python is a fundamental task for any programmer. This article provides a guide on how to check a variable's type using the isinstance() function. It also discuss… read more

How to Use Increment and Decrement Operators in Python

This article provides a guide on the behavior of increment and decrement operators in Python. It covers topics such as using the += and -= operators, using the ++ and -- operators, and best practices… read more

How to Import Other Python Files in Your Code

Simple instructions for importing Python files to reuse code in your projects. This article covers importing a Python module, importing a Python file as a script, importing a Python file from a diffe… read more

How to Use Named Tuples in Python

Named tuples are a useful feature in Python programming that allows you to create lightweight, immutable data structures. This article provides a simple guide on how to use named tuples in your Pytho… read more

How to Work with CSV Files in Python: An Advanced Guide

Processing CSV files in Python has never been easier. In this advanced guide, we will transform the way you work with CSV files. From basic data manipulation techniques to advanced processing techniq… read more

Python Operators Tutorial & Advanced Examples

Python operators are a fundamental aspect of programming with Python. This tutorial will guide you through the different types of operators in Python, including arithmetic, comparison, logical, assig… read more

How To Round To 2 Decimals In Python

Rounding numbers to two decimals in Python is a simple and process. This tutorial will teach you two methods for rounding in Python and explain why rounding to two decimal places is important. Additi… read more

How To Set Environment Variables In Python

Setting environment variables in Python is essential for effective development and configuration management. In this article, you will learn the different ways to set environment variables in Python.… read more

How To List All Files Of A Directory In Python

Learn how to use Python to read all files in a directory and get a complete list of file names. This article will cover two methods: using os.listdir() and using os.scandir(). You will also find reas… read more

How to Use a Foreach Function in Python 3

In this article, we will explore how to use a foreach function in Python 3. By implementing this function, you can enhance your coding skills and efficiently iterate over lists and dictionaries. We w… read more

How to Check If a Variable Exists in Python

Verifying the existence of a variable in Python code is a fundamental skill for any programmer. This article provides a simple guide on how to check if a variable exists using the 'in' operator, the … read more

How to Convert String to Bytes in Python 3

Learn how to convert a string to bytes in Python 3 using simple code examples. Discover how to use the encode() method and the bytes() function effectively. Explore best practices for converting stri… read more

How To Convert Python Datetime Objects To String

A guide on converting datetime objects into string of date only in Python. Learn how to use the strftime() method and the str() function to achieve this conversion effortlessly. read more

How to Convert Bytes to a String in Python 3

Step-by-step guide on converting bytes to a string in Python 3. Method 1: Using the decode() method, Method 2: Using the str() constructor, Best Practices. read more

How to Convert a String to Lowercase in Python

Step-by-step guide on how to use the tolower function in Python to convert strings to lowercase. Learn how to convert strings to lowercase in Python using the lower() and casefold() methods. Discover… read more

How to Create Multiline Comments in Python

Creating multiline comments in Python can be a simple and way to add explanatory notes to your code. There are different methods you can use, such as using triple quotes or the hash character, depend… read more

How to Implement Line Break and Line Continuation in Python

Line breaks and line continuation are essential concepts in Python programming that allow you to format and structure your code in a readable manner. In this guide, we will explore how to implement l… read more

How to Calculate the Square Root in Python

Calculating square roots in Python is made easy with the sqrt function. This article provides a clear guide on how to use this function to find square roots. The chapters cover handling negative numb… read more

Python Data Types & Data Modeling

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to structuring data in Python. From understanding Python data types to working with nested data structures, this article covers various techniques for org… read more

How to Check for an Empty String in Python

Checking for an empty string in Python is a fundamental task for any programmer. This article provides two methods to accomplish this, using the len() function and the not operator. Additionally, it … read more

How to Convert a String to Dictionary in Python

Guide on converting a string representation of a dictionary into an actual Python dictionary. Learn different methods: Using the eval() function, Using the json module, Using the ast module, Manually… read more

How to Use 'In' in a Python If Statement

Using 'in' in a Python if statement is a powerful tool for condition checking. This article provides a clear guide on how to use 'in' with different data types such as lists, strings, tuples, sets, a… read more

How to Print an Exception in Python

Printing exceptions in Python is an essential skill for any programmer. This article provides a step-by-step guide on how to print exceptions in Python, covering the use of the traceback module and t… read more

How to Manage Relative Imports in Python 3

Managing relative imports in Python 3 can be a challenging task for developers. This article provides a guide on how to solve the common issue of "attempted relative import with no known parent packa… read more

How to Append One String to Another in Python

A simple guide on appending strings in Python using various methods. Learn how to use the concatenation operator (+), the join() method, and best practices for string appending. Explore alternative i… read more

How to Define a Function with Optional Arguments in Python

Defining functions with optional arguments in Python is a valuable skill for any developer. This article provides a simple guide to understanding the syntax and best practices for defining functions … read more

How to Round Up a Number in Python

Rounding up numbers in Python can be easily achieved using various methods provided by the math module, decimal module, and basic arithmetic. This article serves as a guide to help you understand and… read more

How to Find Maximum and Minimum Values for Ints in Python

A simple guide to finding the maximum and minimum integer values in Python. Explore how to use the max() and min() functions, as well as some best practices to consider. read more

How to Specify New Lines in a Python String

Guidance on writing multiple lines to a file using new lines in Python strings. Learn how to specify new lines in a Python string with the escape character, triple quotes, alternative ideas, and best… read more

How to Convert a String to Boolean in Python

Guide on converting strings to Boolean values in Python, a basic yet crucial task. This article covers using the bool() function, using a dictionary, and best practices. read more

How to Use Double Precision Floating Values in Python

Using double precision floating values in Python can be a powerful tool for performing complex calculations accurately. This guide will walk you through the process of initializing double precision f… read more

How to Use Global Variables in a Python Function

Guide on how to use global variables within a function in Python. Learn about declaring and accessing global variables, modifying them, best practices for their usage, and alternative approaches. read more

How to Import Files From a Different Folder in Python

Importing files from different folders in Python can be a simple task with the right approach. This article provides a guide on how to import files using two methods: adding the folder to the system … read more

How to Send an Email Using Python

Sending emails using Python can be a simple and process. This article will guide you through the steps of setting up email parameters, creating the email message, connecting to the SMTP server, and f… read more

How to Handle Nonetype Objects in Python

Handling NoneType objects in Python is an essential skill for any Python developer. This guide provides a clear understanding of NoneType and offers techniques for checking and handling NoneType erro… read more

How to Get Today's Date in YYYY MM DD Format in Python

Learn how to obtain the current date in the YYYY MM DD format in Python. This article provides best practices and two methods, including using the strftime() method and using the strptime() and strft… read more

How To Manually Raise An Exception In Python

Raising exceptions in Python is an essential skill for any programmer. This article will guide you through the process of manually raising exceptions, providing clear explanations and examples along … read more

How to Run External Programs in Python 3 with Subprocess

Running external programs in Python 3 can be made easy with the subprocess module. This article provides an overview of the module and its basic functions, explores the subprocess.run function, and s… read more

Creating Random Strings with Letters & Digits in Python

Creating random strings with letters and digits in Python is a useful skill for various programming tasks. This guide explores two methods, using the random.sample() function and the random.choice() … read more

How To Generate A GUID UUID in Python

Generating a GUID UUID in Python can be easily accomplished using the uuid module. This article provides a step-by-step guide on how to generate a GUID UUID using Python's uuid module. The guide cove… read more

How To Use Ternary Operator In Python

The ternary operator in Python allows for concise conditional expressions in code. This article explores why and how to use the ternary operator, provides syntax examples, and offers best practices a… read more

How To Get Substrings In Python: Python Substring Tutorial

Learn how to extract substrings from strings in Python with step-by-step instructions. This tutorial covers various methods, including string slicing, the slice() function, the find() method, and reg… read more

How To Convert a List To a String In Python

Converting a Python list to a string is a common task in programming. In this article, we will learn how to do it using simple language and examples. We will explore different methods, such as using … read more

How to Get the Current Time in Python

Obtaining the current time in Python is made easy with the time module. This simple guide explores the usage of the time module and provides suggestions and best practices for getting the current tim… read more

How to Use the main() Functions In Python

The Python main function is a fundamental aspect of code execution. This article provides a tutorial on how to use the main function in your Python code. It covers topics such as the definition and s… read more

How To Use Python'S Equivalent For A Case Switch Statement

Python's alternative to a case switch statement is a valuable tool for improving code efficiency and readability. In this article, we will explore different approaches to using this alternative, incl… read more

How To Replace Text with Regex In Python

Learn how to use Python to replace regex patterns in strings with simple examples and step-by-step instructions. Discover how to use re.sub() to easily replace text using regular expressions. Underst… read more

Python Typing Module Tutorial: Use Cases and Code Snippets

Learn how to use the Python Typing Module for type hints and annotations in your code. This tutorial covers installation and setup, various annotations, best practices, code snippets, advanced techni… read more

Python Command Line Arguments: How to Use Them

Command line arguments can greatly enhance the functionality and flexibility of Python programs. With the ability to pass arguments directly from the command line, developers can create more dynamic … read more

How to Use Static Methods in Python

Static methods in Python are a powerful tool for effective programming. This article will provide an introduction to static methods and explore their use cases, best practices, limitations, and real-… read more

Python Bitwise Operators Tutorial

Learn how to use Python bitwise operators with this tutorial. From understanding the basic operators like AND, OR, XOR, and NOT, to exploring advanced techniques like binary trees and hash functions,… read more

How To Use If-Else In a Python List Comprehension

Python list comprehensions are a powerful tool for creating concise and code. In this article, we will focus on incorporating if-else statements within list comprehensions. We will explore examples o… read more

How to use the Python Random Module: Use Cases and Advanced Techniques

Discover the Python Random module and its applications in this introductory article. Explore various use cases and advanced techniques for leveraging randomness in your Python programming projects. read more

How To Remove Whitespaces In A String Using Python

Removing whitespaces in a string can be done easily using Python. This article provides simple and effective methods for removing whitespace, including using the replace() function and regular expres… read more

Python Math Operations: Floor, Ceil, and More

This guide provides an overview of essential math operations in Python. From basics like floor and ceil functions, to rounding numbers and understanding the difference between truncate and floor, thi… read more

How To Get Current Directory And Files Directory In Python

Python provides several approaches to easily find the current directory and file directory. In this article, we will explore two popular approaches using built-in functions and modules. Additionally,… read more

How To Copy Files In Python

Copying files in Python is made easy with the built-in copy file function. This article provides a simple guide for beginners on how to copy files using Python. It covers the usage of the shutil modu… read more

Tutorial on Python Generators and the Yield Keyword

Python generators and the yield keyword are powerful tools for creating and memory-friendly code. This detailed guide explores their implementation, usage, and best practices. From basic examples to … read more

How to Work with the Python Not Equal Operator

Learn how to use the not equal operator in Python with this tutorial. From understanding the syntax to advanced techniques and real-world examples, this article covers everything you need to know abo… read more

How to Use the Python map() Function

The Python map() function is a powerful tool for manipulating data in Python. In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the map function to transform and filter data, apply functions to elements, a… read more

How to Manipulate Strings in Python and Check for Substrings

Learn how to manipulate strings in Python and check for substrings. Understand the basics of strings in Python and explore various techniques for string manipulation. From checking if a string contai… read more

How To Access Index In Python For Loops

Python for loops are a powerful tool for iterating through elements, but accessing the index can be a challenge. This article explores the reasons for accessing the index, different methods to achiev… read more

Python Type: How to Use and Manipulate Data Types

Learn how to use and manipulate data types in Python with this tutorial. Explore the fundamentals of numeric, textual, sequence, mapping, set, boolean, and binary data types. Discover type conversion… read more

Python Keywords Identifiers: Tutorial and Examples

Learn how to use Python keywords and identifiers with this tutorial and examples. Dive into an in-depth look at identifiers and get a detailed explanation of keywords. Explore real-world examples, be… read more

How to Use and Import Python Modules

Python modules are a fundamental aspect of code organization and reusability in Python programming. In this tutorial, you will learn how to use and import Python modules. From understanding the role … read more

How to Use Python Time Sleep

Python time sleep function allows you to introduce delays in your code execution. With the ability to control the timing of your program, you can slow down loops, simulate latency, schedule tasks, an… read more

Python Data Types Tutorial

The article: A practical guide on Python data types and their applications in software development. This tutorial covers everything from an introduction to Python data types, to working with specific… read more

How to Use Switch Statements in Python

Switch case statements are a powerful tool in Python for handling multiple conditions and simplifying your code. This article will guide you through the syntax and examples of switch case statements … read more

Python File Operations: How to Read, Write, Delete, Copy

Learn how to perform file operations in Python, including reading, writing, deleting, and copying files. This article covers the basics of file handling, error handling, working with directories, and… read more

How to Replace Strings in Python using re.sub

Learn how to work with Python's re.sub function for string substitution. This article covers practical use-cases, syntax, and best practices for text replacement. Dive into the lesser-known features … read more

Data Structures

How To Convert a Dictionary To JSON In Python

Learn how to convert a Python dictionary to JSON format with this simple guide. Step-by-step instructions for beginners. Using the json.dumps() method, Using the json.dump() method, Why is this quest… read more

How to Sort a Dictionary by Key in Python

Learn how to sort a dictionary by key in Python with clear, step-by-step instructions. Discover two approaches: using the sorted() function and using the sorted() function with lambda. Find out the b… read more

How to Remove an Element from a List by Index in Python

A guide on removing elements from a Python list by their index. Methods include using the 'del' keyword, the 'pop()' method, the 'remove()' method, list comprehension, and slicing. read more

How to Remove a Key from a Python Dictionary

Removing a key from a Python dictionary is a common task in programming. This guide provides step-by-step instructions on how to achieve this using the del statement, the pop() method, and how to han… read more

How to Solve a Key Error in Python

This article provides a technical guide to resolving the KeyError issue in Python. It covers various methods such as checking if the key exists before accessing it, using a default value with the get… read more

How to Read a File Line by Line into a List in Python

Reading a file line by line into a list in Python is a common task for many developers. In this article, we provide a step-by-step guide on how to accomplish this using two different methods: using a… read more

How to Check If Something Is Not In A Python List

This article provides a guide on using the 'not in' operator in Python to check if an item is absent in a list. It covers the steps for using the 'not in' operator, as well as using the 'in' operator… read more

How to Add New Keys to a Python Dictionary

Adding new keys and their corresponding values to an existing Python dictionary can be achieved using different methods. This article provides a guide on two popular methods for adding new keys to a … read more

How to Find a Value in a Python List

Are you struggling to find a specific value within a Python list? This guide will show you how to locate that value efficiently using different methods. Whether you prefer using the index() method, a… read more

How to Print a Python Dictionary Line by Line

Printing a Python dictionary line by line can be done using various methods. One approach is to use a for loop, which allows you to iterate over each key-value pair in the dictionary and print them i… read more

How to Detect Duplicates in a Python List

Detecting duplicates in a Python list and creating a new list with them can be done using different methods. Two popular methods include using a set and using a counter. This article provides a step-… read more

How to Remove Duplicates From Lists in Python

Guide to removing duplicates from lists in Python using different methods. This article covers Method 1: Using the set() Function, Method 2: Using a List Comprehension, and Additional Considerations. read more

How to Use Hash Map In Python

Hash maps are a powerful tool for data storage and retrieval in Python. This concise guide will walk you through the process of using hash maps in Python, from creating a hash map to adding and retri… read more

How to Extract Unique Values from a List in Python

Retrieving unique values from a list in Python is a common task for many programmers. This article provides a simple guide on how to accomplish this using two different methods: the set() function an… read more

How to Compare Two Lists in Python and Return Matches

Comparing two lists in Python and returning the matching elements can be done using different methods. One way is to use list comprehension, while another approach is to utilize the set intersection.… read more

How to Pretty Print Nested Dictionaries in Python

Learn how to pretty print nested dictionaries in Python using simple steps. Discover how the pprint module and json module can help you achieve clean and readable output. Explore best practices to en… read more

How To Find Index Of Item In Python List

Finding the index of an item in a Python list is a common task for beginners. This article provides a simple guide with examples on how to accomplish this. It covers methods such as using the index()… read more

Extracting File Names from Path in Python, Regardless of OS

Learn how to extract file names from any operating system path using Python, ensuring compatibility across platforms. This article covers various methods, including utilizing the os module, the pathl… read more

How to Flatten a List of Lists in Python

Learn how to flatten a list of lists in Python using two simple methods: nested list comprehensions and itertools.chain.from_iterable(). Discover the best practices to efficiently convert a nested li… read more

What are The Most Popular Data Structures in Python?

This article examines the most popular data structures used in Python programming. It provides an overview of various data structures such as lists, tuples, sets, dictionaries, arrays, stacks, queues… read more

How to Define Stacks Data Structures in Python

Demystifying the Python data structure used to represent a stack in programming. Learn about stacks representation in Python, additional resources, lists, tuples, arrays, linked lists, queues, deques… read more

How to Access Python Data Structures with Square Brackets

Python data structures are essential for organizing and manipulating data in Python programs. In this article, you will learn how to access these data structures dynamically using square brackets. Fr… read more

Python's Dict Tutorial: Is a Dictionary a Data Structure?

Python dictionaries are a fundamental data structure that every Python programmer should master. In this tutorial, we will take a comprehensive look at dictionaries, exploring their functionality, ke… read more

Implementation of Data Structures in Python

Python is a powerful programming language known for its flexibility and ease of use. In this article, we will take a detailed look at how Python implements its data structures. We will explore differ… read more

Python Join List: How to Concatenate Elements

The Python join() method allows you to concatenate elements in a list effortlessly. In this tutorial, intermediate Python developers will learn the ins and outs of joining lists, from basic concatena… read more

Reading Binary Data Structures with Python

This article provides a detailed explanation of how to access and read data structures stored in binary files using Python. It covers popular data structures for storing binary files, libraries for r… read more

How To Iterate Over Dictionaries Using For Loops In Python

Learn how to iterate over dictionaries using for loops in Python. Find out why someone might want to iterate over a dictionary, explore different approaches to iteration, and discover best practices … read more

How To Merge Dictionaries In Python

Merging dictionaries in Python is an essential skill for simplifying your coding tasks. This article presents a step-by-step guide on how to merge dictionaries effortlessly using the single expressio… read more

How To Sort A Dictionary By Value In Python

Sorting dictionaries in Python can be made easy with this guide. Learn how to sort a dictionary by value using simple steps. This article explores different approaches, including using the sorted() f… read more

How To Concatenate Lists In Python

Merging lists in Python is a common task that every programmer needs to know. This article provides simple examples and explanations on how to concatenate lists in Python. From using the '+' operator… read more

How To Handle Ambiguous Truth Values In Python Arrays

Handling ambiguous truth values in Python arrays can be a challenge, but with the "a.any()" and "a.all()" methods, you can easily manage these errors. This article explores the reasons behind ambiguo… read more

How To Check If Key Exists In Python Dictionary

Checking if a key exists in a Python dictionary is a common task in programming. This article provides simple examples and explanations on how to perform this check using different methods. It also d… read more

How to Iterate and Loop Through Python Dictionaries

Learn how to iterate and loop through Python dictionaries. Understand the basics of dictionary iteration and explore different looping techniques. Discover common use cases, advanced techniques, and … read more

How to Work with Lists and Arrays in Python

Learn how to manipulate Python Lists and Arrays. This article covers everything from the basics to advanced techniques. Discover how to create, access, and modify lists, add and remove elements, sort… read more

A Guide to Python heapq and Heap in Python

Python heapq is a module that provides functions for working with heap data structures in Python. With this quick guide, you can learn how to use heapq and efficiently. From understanding heaps in Py… read more

How to Reverse a Linked List in Python, C and Java

Reversing a linked list is a common task in programming. This article explores different approaches to reversing a linked list using Python, C, and Java. From an introduction to linked lists to advan… read more

How to Use the Doubly Ended Queue (Deque) with Python

Learn about Python Deque, a versatile data structure known as a Doubly Ended Queue. This article explores its functionality, implementation, and practical applications. Chapters include creating a De… read more

How to Use Collections with Python

Python collections are a fundamental part of Python programming, allowing you to efficiently store and manipulate data. This article provides a comprehensive guide to using collections in Python, cov… read more

How to Generate Equidistant Numeric Sequences with Python

Python Linspace is a practical tool for generating equidistant numeric sequences. Learn how to create uniform number series easily. Explore the syntax, parameters, and purpose of Linspace, and discov… read more

Third-Party Libraries

How to Use Matplotlib for Chinese Text in Python

This guide provides a concise overview of using Matplotlib to render Chinese text in Python. It covers essential topics, including setting up Chinese fonts, configuring Matplotlib for Chinese support… read more

How To Exit/Deactivate a Python Virtualenv

Learn how to exit a Python virtualenv easily using two simple methods. Discover why you might need to exit a virtual environment and explore alternative ideas and best practices. read more

How to Integrate Python with MySQL for Database Queries

Pair Python with MySQL to execute database queries effortlessly. Learn about the Python MySQL Connector, establishing connections, interacting with MySQL, and more. Understand the advantages and limi… read more

16 Amazing Python Libraries You Can Use Now

In this article, we will introduce you to 16 amazing Python libraries that are widely used by top software teams. These libraries are powerful tools that can enhance your Python development and help … read more

Database Query Optimization in Django: Boosting Performance for Your Web Apps

Optimizing database queries in Django is essential for boosting the performance of your web applications. This article explores best practices and strategies for database query performance in Django,… read more

Converting Integer Scalar Arrays To Scalar Index In Python

Convert integer scalar arrays to scalar index in Python to avoid the 'TypeError: Only integer scalar arrays can be converted to a scalar index with 1D' error. This article explores two methods to ach… read more

How To Convert A Tensor To Numpy Array In Tensorflow

Tensorflow is a powerful framework for building and training machine learning models. In this article, we will guide you on how to convert a tensor to a numpy array using Tensorflow. We will explore … read more

How to Normalize a Numpy Array to a Unit Vector in Python

Normalizing a Numpy array to a unit vector in Python can be done using two methods: l2 norm and max norm. These methods provide a way to ensure that the array has a magnitude of 1, making it easier t… read more

How to Adjust Font Size in a Matplotlib Plot

Adjusting font size in Matplotlib plots is a common requirement when creating visualizations in Python. This article provides two methods for adjusting font size: using the rcParams method and using … read more

How to Position the Legend Outside the Plot in Matplotlib

Positioning a legend outside the plot in Matplotlib is made easy with Python's Matplotlib library. This guide provides step-by-step instructions on how to achieve this using two different methods: th… read more

Build a Chat Web App with Flask, MongoDB, Reactjs & Docker

Building a chat web app with Flask, MongoDB, Reactjs, Bootstrap, and Docker-compose is made easy with this comprehensive guide. From setting up the development environment to deploying the applicatio… read more

How to Add a Matplotlib Legend in Python

Adding a legend to your Matplotlib plots in Python is made easy with this clear guide. Learn two methods - using the label parameter and using the handles and labels parameters. Plus, discover best p… read more

How to Adjust Pyplot Scatter Plot Marker Size in Python

Adjusting the size of markers in a Pyplot scatter plot can be easily done using two methods: the 's' parameter and the 'size' parameter. By understanding these methods, you can customize the marker s… read more

How To Install OpenCV Using Pip

Installing OpenCV using pip in Python is a process that allows you to utilize this powerful computer vision library for your projects. This article provides step-by-step instructions to help you inst… read more

How to do Matrix Multiplications in Numpy

Perform matrix multiplication effortlessly using Numpy in Python. This article introduces you to the concept of matrix multiplication and guides you through setting up the Numpy environment. Learn ho… read more

How To Use Matplotlib Inline In Python

Data visualization is an essential aspect of analyzing and interpreting data effectively. In Python, using matplotlib inline is a valuable tool for visualizing data. This article explores the purpose… read more

Seamless Integration of Flask with Frontend Frameworks

Setting up Flask with frontend frameworks like React.js, Vue.js, and HTMX can greatly enhance the capabilities of web applications. This article explores the process of integrating Flask with these f… read more

Building Flask Web Apps: Advanced Features

Flask web apps offer a wide range of advanced features to enhance your development process. From routing to forms, templates to middleware, decorators to extensions, this article delves into the deta… read more

Deploying Flask Web Apps: From WSGI to Kubernetes

Shipping Flask apps can be a complex task, especially when it comes to optimizing WSGI server configurations and load balancing techniques. In this article, we will explore strategies for deploying F… read more

Real-Time Features with Flask-SocketIO and WebSockets

Flask-SocketIO and WebSockets enable real-time features for web applications. This article covers bi-directional communication, real-time chat rooms, notifications, live data dashboards, deployment c… read more

How to Improve the Security of Flask Web Apps

Learn how to secure Flask applications against common web vulnerabilities and implement robust authentication and authorization. This article covers topics such as SQL injection, XSS vulnerabilities,… read more

Flask-Babel For Internationalization & Localization

Flask-Babel simplifies internationalization and localization in Flask, enabling developers to handle multi-language data and encoding with ease. This article explores strategies for implementing inte… read more

Authentication Methods with Flask: SSO & More

Flask is a powerful Python framework for web development, and in this article, we will dive into the implementation of authentication methods using Flask. Specifically, we will explore the use of Sin… read more

How To Change Matplotlib Figure Size

Learn how to adjust the size of figures drawn using Matplotlib in Python for better visualization and presentation. This article will guide you through the process of changing the figure size step by… read more

Python Numpy.where() Tutorial

This article: Learn how to use the 'where' function in Python Numpy for array operations. Explore the syntax, parameters, return values, and best practices of np.where. Discover how to filter data, a… read more

FastAPI Enterprise Basics: SSO, RBAC, and Auditing

As software engineering continues to evolve, implementing secure and web applications becomes increasingly challenging. In this article, we will explore how to implement Single Sign-On (SSO), Role-Ba… read more

FastAPI Integration: Bootstrap Templates, Elasticsearch and Databases

Learn how to integrate Bootstrap, Elasticsearch, and databases with FastAPI. This article explores third-party and open source tools for FastAPI integration, including styling applications with Boots… read more

Tutorial: i18n in FastAPI with Pydantic & Handling Encoding

Internationalization (i18n) in FastAPI using Pydantic models and handling character encoding issues is a crucial aspect of building multilingual APIs. This tutorial explores the best practices for in… read more

Optimizing FastAPI Applications: Modular Design, Logging, and Testing

Learn best practices in FastAPI for designing modular applications, logging, and testing. This article dives into the key aspects of optimizing FastAPI applications, including the importance of modul… read more

Handling Large Volumes of Data in FastAPI

Learn strategies to manage large datasets in FastAPI including pagination, background jobs, and Pydantic model optimization. Chapters cover topics such as asynchronous programming, database indexing,… read more

Object Oriented Programming

How to Use Python Super With Init Methods

A basic guide on using Python super with init methods in Python programming. This article covers an alternative approach and best practices for utilizing the super function in the initialization meth… read more

How to Determine the Type of an Object in Python

Identifying the type of an object in Python can be done easily using the type() function. This article provides a guide on how to determine the type of an object, with an alternative approach using t… read more

How to Use Class And Instance Variables in Python

Learn how to use class and instance variables in Python 3 with this tutorial. From understanding the difference between class and instance variables to exploring real-world examples and best practice… read more

Python Super Keyword Tutorial

Python's super keyword is a powerful tool that can enhance code functionality. In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the super method to improve your Python code. From understanding the basics … read more

Advanced Techniques

How to Use Infinity in Python Math

Infinity in Python can be a useful concept when performing mathematical operations. The math module provides a way to represent infinity using `math.inf`, which can be used in calculations and compar… read more

How to Use Python's Linspace Function

The numpy linspace function in Python offers a convenient way to create arrays with evenly spaced values. It is a useful tool for generating linearly spaced arrays and can be customized with paramete… read more

How to Execute a Program or System Command in Python

This guide provides simple steps to execute system commands or programs in Python. Learn how to use the subprocess.run() function and subprocess.Popen() class effectively. Discover best practices and… read more

How to Use Python with Multiple Languages (Locale Guide)

Python locale is a powerful tool for managing cultural differences in your code. This complete guide covers everything you need to know, from the basics of using locale to advanced techniques like cu… read more

How to Suppress Python Warnings

Python warnings can clutter your code and make it harder to read. In this short guide, we'll show you two methods to suppress Python warnings and keep your code clean. We'll also share best practices… read more

How to Measure Elapsed Time in Python

Measuring elapsed time in Python is essential for many programming tasks. This guide provides simple code examples using the time module and the datetime module. Additionally, it explores alternative… read more

How to Execute a Curl Command Using Python

Executing a curl command in Python can be a powerful tool for interacting with APIs and sending HTTP requests. This article provides a guide on how to execute a curl command using Python, covering in… read more

How to Parse a YAML File in Python

Parsing YAML files in Python can be made easy with the help of Python's yaml parser. This article provides a guide on how to parse YAML files using the PyYAML and ruamel.yaml libraries, along with be… read more

How to Automatically Create a Requirements.txt in Python

Managing dependencies in Python is crucial for smooth software development. In this article, we will explore two methods to automatically create a requirements.txt file, which helps in managing depen… read more

How to Pretty Print a JSON File in Python (Human Readable)

Prettyprinting a JSON file in Python is a common task for software engineers. This article provides a guide on how to achieve this using the dump() and dumps() functions. It also explores alternative… read more

How to Manage Memory with Python

Python memory management is a fundamental aspect of programming. This article provides an overview of memory allocation and deallocation in Python, covering topics such as garbage collection, memory … read more

How to Download a File Over HTTP in Python

Guide on using Python to download a file from a URL via HTTP. Learn how to download files using the requests library and the urllib module. Best practices and suggestions included. read more

How to Use Regex to Match Any Character in Python

Python's regex is a powerful tool for matching any character in a string. This step-by-step guide will show you how to use the Dot Metacharacter to match any character, including newlines. You'll als… read more

How to Unzip Files in Python

Unzipping files in Python is a common task for many developers. In this article, we will explore two approaches to unzip files using Python's built-in modules: the zipfile module and the shutil modul… read more

Tutorial: Subprocess Popen in Python

This article provides a simple guide on how to use the subprocess.Popen function in Python. It covers topics such as importing the subprocess module, creating a subprocess with Popen, communicating w… read more

How to Get Logical Xor of Two Variables in Python

A guide to getting the logical xor of two variables in Python. Learn how to use the "^" operator and the "!=" operator, along with best practices and alternative ideas. read more

How to Use Assert in Python: Explained

The assert statement in Python is a powerful tool for validating the correctness of your code. This article explains its syntax and provides examples to help you understand how to use assert effectiv… read more

How to Add a Gitignore File for Python Projects

Python projects often generate pycache files, which can clutter up your Git repository and make it harder to track changes. In this article, we will guide you through the best practices for adding a … read more

How to Use the And/Or Operator in Python Regular Expressions

Guide on using the And/Or operator in Python's regular expressions for pattern matching. This article explores how to use the And/Or operator in Python regular expressions. Discover how to combine th… read more

How to Write JSON Data to a File in Python

Writing JSON data to a file in Python can be done using different methods. This article provides a step-by-step guide on how to accomplish this task. It covers two main methods: using the json module… read more

How to Use Python dotenv

Using Python dotenv to manage environment variables in Python applications is a simple and effective way to ensure the security and flexibility of your projects. This article provides an overview of … read more

How to Match a Space in Regex Using Python

Matching spaces in strings using Python's Regex module can be achieved using different approaches. One approach is to use the \s escape sequence, which allows you to match any whitespace character. A… read more

How to Create a Standalone Python Executable

Learn how to create a standalone Python executable without dependencies. Discover two methods, pyInstaller and cx_Freeze, that can help you achieve this. Additionally, find out best practices to ensu… read more

How to Implement a Python Progress Bar

Creating and using a progress bar in Python can greatly enhance the user experience and provide valuable feedback on the progress of a task. This article offers two methods for implementing a progres… read more

Handling Pytest Failures in Bash Script on Linux

The article is a detailed walk-through that explains how to make a bash script fail when pytest fails in a Linux environment. The article provides step-by-step instructions on understanding pytest fa… read more

How to Parallelize a Simple Python Loop

A detailed guide on parallelizing a simple Python for loop to enhance execution speed. Learn how to parallelize a loop using the concurrent.futures and multiprocessing modules, along with best practi… read more

How to Save and Load Objects Using pickle.load in Python

Python's pickle.load function is a powerful tool for saving and loading objects in Python. This article provides a step-by-step guide on how to use pickle.load to save and load objects. From importin… read more

Python Async Programming: A Beginner's Guide

Python async programming is a powerful technique that can greatly improve the performance of your code. In this beginner's guide, you will learn the fundamentals of async programming in Python, inclu… read more

How to Use Python Multiprocessing

Python multiprocessing is a powerful tool for executing code in parallel, improving the performance of your Python programs. This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to use Python multiproc… read more

PIP & Virtualenv

How To Fix The 'No Module Named Pip' Error

In this article, you will learn how to resolve the 'No Module Named Pip' error in Python and successfully run pip install commands. The article provides two solutions to fix the error: installing Pip… read more

How to Force Pip to Reinstall the Current Version in Python

Guide to using pip for forcing reinstallation of the current Python version. This article provides step-by-step instructions on using the –force-reinstall option and the -I or –ignore-installed optio… read more

How to Pip Install From a Git Repo Branch

Guide on executing pip install from a specific Git Repo Branch in Python. This article provides step-by-step instructions on how to install packages from a Git repository branch using pip. From insta… read more

How to Install Specific Package Versions With Pip in Python

Guide on installing a specific version of a Python package using pip. Learn different methods such as using the == operator, specifying version ranges, and using the pip install –upgrade flag. Discov… read more

How to Use Different Python Versions With Virtualenv

Using different Python versions within a Virtualenv setup can be a powerful tool for software development. This guide provides step-by-step instructions on how to install Virtualenv, create a virtual… read more

How to Uninstall All Pip Packages in Python

A guide to uninstalling all Pip packages in Python, including checking installed packages, uninstalling individual packages, removing all packages, using a requirements.txt file as an alternative app… read more

How to Remove a Virtualenv in Python

Removing a Python virtual environment is a simple process that can be done in a few steps. In this article, we will guide you through the process step-by-step, ensuring that you can easily remove any… read more

How to Upgrade Pip3 in Python

Upgrading Pip3 in Python is essential for ensuring that your Python packages are up to date and compatible with the latest features and bug fixes. This article provides a guide on two methods to upgr… read more

How To Fix 'Pip' Not Recognized As Internal Or External Command

Python developers often encounter the frustrating error message 'pip' is not recognized as an internal or external command. This article provides a step-by-step guide to resolving this issue. It cove… read more

How To Install Packages With Pip From Requirements.Txt

Installing packages with pip from requirements.txt is a common task for Python developers. In this article, you will learn how to efficiently use pip to install packages according to the requirements… read more

How To Update A Package With Pip

Updating packages is an essential task for Python developers. In this article, you will learn how to update packages using Pip, the package manager for Python. Whether you want to ensure you have the… read more

How to Update and Upgrade Pip Inside a Python Virtual Environment

Updating and upgrading pip inside a Python virtual environment is essential for keeping your packages up to date and compatible. In this article, we will discuss why it is important to update pip, ho… read more

Code Snippets & Examples

19 Python Code Snippets for Everyday Issues

Learn how to solve everyday programming problems with 19 Python code snippets. From finding the maximum value in a list to removing duplicates, these snippets will help you tackle common issues effic… read more

Python vs Different Programming Languages

PHP vs Python: How to Choose the Right Language

Choosing the right programming language for your project is crucial. In this article, we compare PHP and Python, helping you make an informed decision based on your project requirements and the stren… read more

Troubleshooting Python Code

Fixing "ValueError: Setting Array with a Sequenc" In Python

When working with arrays in Python, you may encounter the "ValueError: setting an array element with a sequence" error. This article provides solutions to resolve this error, such as reshaping the se… read more

How To Fix ValueError: Invalid Literal For Int With Base 10

Learn how to resolve the 'invalid literal for int with base 10' error in Python and ensure smooth code execution. Check the input string and handle exceptions using a try-except block. Explore the po… read more